Subject: bug#36315: 27.0.50; SVG transparency handling is inaccurate

From: Pip Cet <[email-masked]>
Date: Thu, 20 Jun 2019 20:26:53 +0000

Evaluate the following in emacs -Q:

(require 'svg)

(defun make-image (color)
  (let ((svg (svg-create 100 100)))
    (svg-rectangle svg 0 0 100 100 :fill color)
    (svg-image svg)))

(set-frame-parameter (window-frame) 'background-color "black")

(insert (propertize " " 'display (make-image "#f00000")))

The expected result is a rectangle (on black background) of color
#f00000. The actual result is a rectangle of color #ef0000. For black
backgrounds, white is no longer representable.

This is related to bug #36304, but much easier to fix.

Patch attached.
From 7abe6404d3af04db2f5a503c1c873f80ab86f69e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Pip Cet <[email-masked]>
Date: Thu, 20 Jun 2019 20:13:12 +0000
Subject: [PATCH] SVG: scale color values properly

* src/image.c (svg_load_image): scale color channel values to proper
range.
---
 src/image.c | 25 ++++++++++++++-----------
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/image.c b/src/image.c
index 866323ba6e..6b6235a617 100644
--- a/src/image.c
+++ b/src/image.c
@@ -9658,17 +9658,20 @@ svg_load_image (struct frame *f, struct image *img, char *contents,
       {
 	for (int x = 0; x < width; ++x)
 	  {
-	    int red     = *pixels++;
-	    int green   = *pixels++;
-	    int blue    = *pixels++;
-	    int opacity = *pixels++;
-
-	    red   = ((red * opacity)
-		     + (background.red * ((1 << 8) - opacity)));
-	    green = ((green * opacity)
-		     + (background.green * ((1 << 8) - opacity)));
-	    blue  = ((blue * opacity)
-		     + (background.blue * ((1 << 8) - opacity)));
+	    unsigned int red     = *pixels++;
+	    unsigned int green   = *pixels++;
+	    unsigned int blue    = *pixels++;
+	    unsigned int opacity = *pixels++;
+
+	    /* opacity and the color channel values are in the range {0..255},
+	     * but expected output values are in the range {0..65535}, so scale
+	     * by (256/255)^2. */
+#define MIX(a, b, opacity)						\
+	    (((((a) * opacity) + ((b) * (255 - opacity))) * 65535 + 32512) / 65025)
+	    red   = MIX (red, background.red, opacity);
+	    green = MIX (green, background.red, opacity);
+	    blue  = MIX (blue, background.red, opacity);
+#undef MIX
 
 	    PUT_PIXEL (ximg, x, y, lookup_rgb_color (f, red, green, blue));
 	  }
-- 
2.20.1