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Subject: bug#23689: Daemon-mode on Windows - "w32-initialized" is set too early
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From: Paul Moore
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When Emacs starts in daemon mode on Windows, "w32-initialized" is set
to "t" right at the start - before the window system is initialized.
Specifically, before (find-font) will work correctly.
To demonstrate, start Emacs in daemon mode, with a .emacs.d/init.el
containing a statement at the top to display the value of
"w32-initialized". The value "t" is shown.
In GNU Emacs 25.0.93.1 (x86_64-w64-mingw32)
of 2016-04-23 built on KAEL
Windowing system distributor 'Microsoft Corp.', version 6.1.7601
Configured using:
'configure --prefix=/tmp/emacs --without-imagemagick 'CFLAGS=-O2
-fomit-frame-pointer -g0''
Configured features:
XPM JPEG TIFF GIF PNG RSVG SOUND DBUS NOTIFY ACL GNUTLS LIBXML2 ZLIB
TOOLKIT_SCROLL_BARS
Important settings:
value of $LANG: ENG
locale-coding-system: cp1252
Major mode: Emacs-Lisp
Minor modes in effect:
auto-compile-mode: t
elisp-slime-nav-mode: t
goto-address-prog-mode: t
bug-reference-prog-mode: t
auto-highlight-symbol-mode: t
clean-aindent-mode: t
highlight-numbers-mode: t
highlight-parentheses-mode: t
rainbow-delimiters-mode: t
helm-descbinds-mode: t
helm-mode: t
shell-dirtrack-mode: t
helm-flx-mode: t
projectile-global-mode: t
projectile-mode: t
recentf-mode: t
hl-todo-mode: t
winner-mode: t
window-numbering-mode: t
volatile-highlights-mode: t
global-undo-tree-mode: t
undo-tree-mode: t
spaceline-info-mode: t
spaceline-helm-mode: t
smooth-scrolling-mode: t
save-place-mode: t
savehist-mode: t
popwin-mode: t
persp-mode: t
global-page-break-lines-mode: t
page-break-lines-mode: t
Info-breadcrumbs-in-mode-line-mode: t
ido-vertical-mode: t
flx-ido-mode: t
global-evil-surround-mode: t
evil-surround-mode: t
global-evil-search-highlight-persist: t
evil-search-highlight-persist: t
show-smartparens-global-mode: t
show-smartparens-mode: t
smartparens-mode: t
evil-escape-mode: t
global-anzu-mode: t
anzu-mode: t
eval-sexp-fu-flash-mode: t
spacemacs-leader-override-mode: t
global-spacemacs-leader-override-mode: t
global-hl-line-mode: t
xterm-mouse-mode: t
global-auto-revert-mode: t
which-key-mode: t
override-global-mode: t
evil-mode: t
evil-local-mode: t
diff-auto-refine-mode: t
global-eldoc-mode: t
eldoc-mode: t
electric-indent-mode: t
mouse-wheel-mode: t
file-name-shadow-mode: t
global-font-lock-mode: t
font-lock-mode: t
auto-composition-mode: t
auto-encryption-mode: t
auto-compression-mode: t
column-number-mode: t
line-number-mode: t
transient-mark-mode: t
hs-minor-mode: t
Recent messages:
SPC ESC is undefined
Type y, n, ! or SPC (the space bar):
SPC n ESC is undefined
mode-line-point-position enabled.
mode-line-point-position disabled.
Quit
mode-line-point-position enabled.
Quit
mode-line-point-position disabled.
Type M-x delete-other-windows to remove help window.
mwheel-scroll: End of buffer
Load-path shadows:
c:/Users/UK03306/.emacs.d/elpa/helm-20160530.424/helm-multi-match
hides c:/Users/UK03306/.emacs.d/elpa/helm-core-20160530.52/helm-multi-match
Features:
(shadow sort mail-extr emacsbug message rfc822 mml mml-sec epg
mailabbrev gmm-utils mailheader sendmail mail-utils novice helm-command
helm-elisp helm-eval edebug apropos auto-compile packed elisp-slime-nav
goto-addr bug-reference auto-highlight-symbol clean-aindent-mode
highlight-numbers parent-mode highlight-parentheses hideshow
rainbow-delimiters org-element org-rmail org-mhe org-irc org-info
org-gnus org-docview doc-view jka-compr image-mode org-bibtex bibtex
org-bbdb org-w3m org org-macro org-footnote org-pcomplete org-list
org-faces org-entities noutline outline org-version ob-emacs-lisp ob
ob-tangle ob-ref ob-lob ob-table ob-exp org-src ob-keys ob-comint
ob-core ob-eval org-compat org-macs org-loaddefs find-func cal-menu
calendar cal-loaddefs two-column iso-transl helm-descbinds helm-mode
helm-files image-dired tramp tramp-compat tramp-loaddefs trampver shell
pcomplete format-spec dired-x dired-aux ffap helm-buffers helm-elscreen
helm-tags helm-bookmark helm-adaptive helm-info bookmark helm-locate
helm-grep helm-regexp helm-plugin helm-external helm-net browse-url xml
url url-proxy url-privacy url-expand url-methods url-history url-cookie
url-domsuf url-util mailcap helm-utils helm-help helm-types helm-flx
helm helm-source eieio-compat helm-multi-match helm-lib dired projectile
grep compile ibuf-ext ibuffer recentf tree-widget async hl-todo server
winner window-numbering etags xref project volatile-highlights undo-tree
diff spaceline-config spaceline-segments s ucs-normalize spaceline
powerline powerline-separators color powerline-themes smooth-scrolling
smartparens-config saveplace savehist popwin persp-mode page-break-lines
info+ ido-vertical-mode flx-ido flx ido exec-path-from-shell
evil-surround evil-search-highlight-persist evil-numbers evil-lisp-state
smartparens dash evil-indent-plus evil-exchange evil-escape evil-args
evil-anzu anzu info eval-sexp-fu rx highlight diminish adaptive-wrap
hybrid-mode evil-evilified-state ielm pp comint ansi-color hl-line
xt-mouse autorevert filenotify quelpa url-parse auth-source gnus-util
password-cache url-vars package-build mm-decode mm-bodies mm-encode
mail-parse rfc2231 rfc2047 rfc2045 ietf-drums mm-util help-fns
mail-prsvr json map lisp-mnt use-package which-key bind-key bind-map
evil evil-integration evil-maps evil-commands evil-jumps
evil-command-window evil-types evil-search evil-ex evil-macros
evil-repeat evil-states evil-core evil-common windmove thingatpt rect
evil-digraphs evil-vars ring vc-git diff-mode time-date wid-edit
spacemacs-dark-theme spacemacs-common finder-inf
core-configuration-layer cl-seq ht cl warnings package epg-config seq
eieio byte-opt bytecomp byte-compile cl-extra help-mode cconv eieio-core
core-spacemacs core-use-package-ext core-micro-state corelv core-toggle
core-keybindings core-fonts-support core-spacemacs-buffer derived
edmacro kmacro core-funcs easy-mmode cl-macs gv core-themes-support
core-display-init core-auto-completion core-release-management
core-emacs-backports core-dotspacemacs core-command-line core-debug
advice profiler easymenu cl-loaddefs cl-lib subr-x pcase mule-util
tooltip eldoc electric uniquify ediff-hook vc-hooks lisp-float-type
mwheel dos-w32 ls-lisp disp-table w32-win w32-vars term/common-win
tool-bar dnd fontset image regexp-opt fringe tabulated-list newcomment
elisp-mode lisp-mode prog-mode register page menu-bar rfn-eshadow timer
select scroll-bar mouse jit-lock font-lock syntax facemenu font-core
frame cl-generic cham georgian utf-8-lang misc-lang vietnamese tibetan
thai tai-viet lao korean japanese eucjp-ms cp51932 hebrew greek romanian
slovak czech european ethiopic indian cyrillic chinese charscript
case-table epa-hook jka-cmpr-hook help simple abbrev minibuffer
cl-preloaded nadvice loaddefs button faces cus-face macroexp files
text-properties overlay sha1 md5 base64 format env code-pages mule
custom widget hashtable-print-readable backquote w32notify dbusbind w32
multi-tty make-network-process emacs)
Memory information:
((conses 16 638422 642621)
(symbols 56 52659 47)
(miscs 48 502 1408)
(strings 32 115680 289769)
(string-bytes 1 3503362)
(vectors 16 76740)
(vector-slots 8 1327928 388588)
(floats 8 2128 6063)
(intervals 56 1943 2017)
(buffers 976 21))
From unknown Sat Jun 21 05:07:19 2025
X-Loop: help-debbugs@gnu.org
Subject: bug#23689: Daemon-mode on Windows - "w32-initialized" is set too early
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From: Eli Zaretskii
In-reply-to:
(message from Paul Moore on Fri, 3 Jun 2016 11:33:00 +0100)
References:
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> From: Paul Moore
> Date: Fri, 3 Jun 2016 11:33:00 +0100
>
> When Emacs starts in daemon mode on Windows, "w32-initialized" is set
> to "t" right at the start - before the window system is initialized.
> Specifically, before (find-font) will work correctly.
>
> To demonstrate, start Emacs in daemon mode, with a .emacs.d/init.el
> containing a statement at the top to display the value of
> "w32-initialized". The value "t" is shown.
It looks like this is an internal variable whose purpose is to make
sure the w32 GUI initialization code is called only once per session;
it shouldn't be used for any other purpose. I guess we could make
this more explicit in the doc string, but other than that I see no bug
here.
Thanks.
From unknown Sat Jun 21 05:07:19 2025
X-Loop: help-debbugs@gnu.org
Subject: bug#23689: Daemon-mode on Windows - "w32-initialized" is set too early
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From: Paul Moore
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On 4 June 2016 at 11:07, Eli Zaretskii wrote:
>> From: Paul Moore
>> Date: Fri, 3 Jun 2016 11:33:00 +0100
>>
>> When Emacs starts in daemon mode on Windows, "w32-initialized" is set
>> to "t" right at the start - before the window system is initialized.
>> Specifically, before (find-font) will work correctly.
>>
>> To demonstrate, start Emacs in daemon mode, with a .emacs.d/init.el
>> containing a statement at the top to display the value of
>> "w32-initialized". The value "t" is shown.
>
> It looks like this is an internal variable whose purpose is to make
> sure the w32 GUI initialization code is called only once per session;
> it shouldn't be used for any other purpose. I guess we could make
> this more explicit in the doc string, but other than that I see no bug
> here.
OK. The spacemacs initialisation code uses this variable (along with
ns-initialized and x-initialized) to ensure that certain actions (e.c.
find-font) are only run after the display is initialized. It's only
w32-initialized for which this approach doesn't work. Is there a
better way of testing for this situation that should be used?
Paul
From unknown Sat Jun 21 05:07:19 2025
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> From: Paul Moore
> Date: Sat, 4 Jun 2016 11:29:28 +0100
> Cc: 23689@debbugs.gnu.org
>
> > It looks like this is an internal variable whose purpose is to make
> > sure the w32 GUI initialization code is called only once per session;
> > it shouldn't be used for any other purpose. I guess we could make
> > this more explicit in the doc string, but other than that I see no bug
> > here.
>
> OK. The spacemacs initialisation code uses this variable (along with
> ns-initialized and x-initialized) to ensure that certain actions (e.c.
> find-font) are only run after the display is initialized. It's only
> w32-initialized for which this approach doesn't work. Is there a
> better way of testing for this situation that should be used?
Frankly, I'm not sure what is the situation for which you want to
test. Can you describe the original problem in more detail?
From unknown Sat Jun 21 05:07:19 2025
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On 4 June 2016 at 11:58, Eli Zaretskii wrote:
> Frankly, I'm not sure what is the situation for which you want to
> test. Can you describe the original problem in more detail?
Sure. The issue arises with Spacemacs. I'll give the basic idea (as
well as I understand it, I'm not an expert by any means) but the
actual code is at
https://github.com/syl20bnr/spacemacs/blob/master/core/core-display-init.el#L28
When spacemacs starts up, it wants to set the fonts as configured by
the user. To do so, it checks that the user-selected font exists using
find-font (there's new code in the develop branch that allows the user
to set a list of fonts, and picks the first on the list that actually
exists on the system). But in daemon mode, find-font doesn't return a
useful value until the display system is initialised, so there's a
macro:
(defmacro spacemacs|do-after-display-system-init (&rest body)
"If the display-system is initialized, run `BODY', otherwise,
add it to a queue of actions to perform after the first graphical frame is
created."
`(let ((init (cond ((boundp 'ns-initialized) 'ns-initialized)
((boundp 'w32-initialized) 'w32-initialized)
((boundp 'x-initialized) 'x-initialized)
(t 't)))) ; fallback to normal loading behavior
(if (symbol-value init)
(progn
,@body)
(push (lambda () ,@body) spacemacs--after-display-system-init-list))))
The actions on spacemacs--after-display-system-init-list are executed
when the first GUI frame is displayed, via advice on
server-create-window-system-frame.
This process works fine on non-Windows systems, I guess because
ns-initialized and x-initialized are false during daemon startup. But
on Windows it fails and from my testing this appears to be because
w32-initialized is true at this point (unlike the other two). As a
result, the font selection code gets run immediately - specifically
*before* the point when find-font will give a correct answer.
To demonstrate, create a .emacs.d/init.el containing
(progn
(message "%S" w32-initialized)
(message "%S" (find-font (font-spec :name "Courier New")))
(message "%S" w32-initialized))
Set HOME to the directory containing .emacs.d and run emacs --daemon.
The result is
t
nil
t
Do the same on Unix (I used Ubuntu) using x-initialized (and a font
that exists on the Unix system in place of Courier New) and you get
nil
nil
nil
Do the same using emacs (no --daemon) and look in the *Messages*
buffer, and you see
t
t
in both cases.
Hopefully, that clarifies a little.
Paul
From unknown Sat Jun 21 05:07:19 2025
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From: Eli Zaretskii
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> From: Paul Moore
> Date: Sat, 4 Jun 2016 13:54:59 +0100
> Cc: 23689@debbugs.gnu.org
>
> When spacemacs starts up, it wants to set the fonts as configured by
> the user. To do so, it checks that the user-selected font exists using
> find-font (there's new code in the develop branch that allows the user
> to set a list of fonts, and picks the first on the list that actually
> exists on the system). But in daemon mode, find-font doesn't return a
> useful value until the display system is initialised, so there's a
> macro:
>
> (defmacro spacemacs|do-after-display-system-init (&rest body)
> "If the display-system is initialized, run `BODY', otherwise,
> add it to a queue of actions to perform after the first graphical frame is
> created."
> `(let ((init (cond ((boundp 'ns-initialized) 'ns-initialized)
> ((boundp 'w32-initialized) 'w32-initialized)
> ((boundp 'x-initialized) 'x-initialized)
> (t 't)))) ; fallback to normal loading behavior
> (if (symbol-value init)
> (progn
> ,@body)
> (push (lambda () ,@body) spacemacs--after-display-system-init-list))))
>
> The actions on spacemacs--after-display-system-init-list are executed
> when the first GUI frame is displayed, via advice on
> server-create-window-system-frame.
If spacemacs has a way to run code when the first GUI frame is
created, why cannot it do everything at that time? Why does it have
to test the above conditions on top of that?
> This process works fine on non-Windows systems, I guess because
> ns-initialized and x-initialized are false during daemon startup. But
> on Windows it fails and from my testing this appears to be because
> w32-initialized is true at this point (unlike the other two). As a
> result, the font selection code gets run immediately - specifically
> *before* the point when find-font will give a correct answer.
I think spacemacs should not rely on the other FOO-initialized
variables, either, even if they appear to work for now. They are not
intended to serve as evidence or trigger for any application-level
logic. Instead, it should do this in a hook function (make-frame
provides at least 2).
> To demonstrate, create a .emacs.d/init.el containing
>
> (progn
> (message "%S" w32-initialized)
> (message "%S" (find-font (font-spec :name "Courier New")))
> (message "%S" w32-initialized))
>
> Set HOME to the directory containing .emacs.d and run emacs --daemon.
> The result is
>
> t
> nil
> t
>
> Do the same on Unix (I used Ubuntu) using x-initialized (and a font
> that exists on the Unix system in place of Courier New) and you get
>
> nil
> nil
> nil
>
> Do the same using emacs (no --daemon) and look in the *Messages*
> buffer, and you see
>
> t
>
> t
>
> in both cases.
That "window-system initialized" automatically implies that find-font
will work is IMO an invalid assumption. Exactly what parts of the
initialization are run in FOO-initialize functions is implementation
detail. I recommend to stay away of such assumption and instead use
the hooks we provide during startup. Even if you come to the
conclusion that no existing hook serves spacemacs well enough, and we
then (say) add yet another hook, the result will be cleaner than
relying on semi-documented variables and undocumented assumptions.
From unknown Sat Jun 21 05:07:19 2025
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On 4 June 2016 at 16:01, Eli Zaretskii wrote:
> If spacemacs has a way to run code when the first GUI frame is
> created, why cannot it do everything at that time? Why does it have
> to test the above conditions on top of that?
[...]
> I think spacemacs should not rely on the other FOO-initialized
> variables, either, even if they appear to work for now. They are not
> intended to serve as evidence or trigger for any application-level
> logic. Instead, it should do this in a hook function (make-frame
> provides at least 2).
[...]
> That "window-system initialized" automatically implies that find-font
> will work is IMO an invalid assumption. Exactly what parts of the
> initialization are run in FOO-initialize functions is implementation
> detail. I recommend to stay away of such assumption and instead use
> the hooks we provide during startup. Even if you come to the
> conclusion that no existing hook serves spacemacs well enough, and we
> then (say) add yet another hook, the result will be cleaner than
> relying on semi-documented variables and undocumented assumptions.
OK. Thanks for the explanation. I'll report back to the spacemacs
people. For now, I have a functioning workaround (checking if
(font-family-list) is non-nil) that will do for the moment. Longer
term, I can't judge why spacemacs splits the initialisation like this,
but I'll ask the question.
Paul
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On 4 June 2016 at 16:17, Paul Moore wrote:
> OK. Thanks for the explanation. I'll report back to the spacemacs
> people. For now, I have a functioning workaround (checking if
> (font-family-list) is non-nil) that will do for the moment. Longer
> term, I can't judge why spacemacs splits the initialisation like this,
> but I'll ask the question.
To follow up on this, it probably would be useful to have some
additional functionality here (or if I've missed something that
already exists, feel free to point me at it!)
What we're doing is attempting to select a font from a list provided
by the user. So we want to call (find-font spec frame) on a list of
font specs in turn. My initial attempt to do this used the
after-make-frame-functions hook to call the font selection code at a
point when this would work (it doesn't work on startup in daemon mode,
as find-font won't work with only the initial daemon frame to work
with). However, when trying to check fonts, I was getting an error
"Window system frame should be used", which (from a brief look at the
source in src/frame.c) seems to imply that the window system is not
(yet?) available on the frame, even though the frame has been created
(that's what the hook means).
As a workaround, I am currently using focus-in-hook, but this is too
late, as if the OS window system doesn't actually focus the new frame,
there is a visible delay before the font gets reset to the correct
value.
Ideally, what I would like to use is either a hook that is fired
shortly after after-make-frame-functions, but when the window system
for the frame is fully initialised, or alternatively a call that I
could use in the after-make-frame-functions hook to say "complete the
initialisation of the window system for this frame right now". Or I
guess maybe it could be considered a bug that when
after-make-frame-functions fires, the frame's display isn't fully
available - but there may be good reasons for that.
I've been trying to put together a reproducible demonstration of the
issue. But it's not easy to do so as everything is happening before
the system is fully initialised (that's basically the point) and my
attempts to track and log what's going on are affecting the results
:-( I'll continue to try to produce an example, but hopefully the
above explanation is sufficient, at least for now.
Paul
From unknown Sat Jun 21 05:07:19 2025
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> From: Paul Moore
> Date: Wed, 8 Jun 2016 14:57:49 +0100
> Cc: 23689@debbugs.gnu.org
>
> What we're doing is attempting to select a font from a list provided
> by the user.
What do you mean by "select a font"? If the font you want to use is
known in advance, then a parameter in default-frame-alist should be
all you need. If the font is not known in advance, then how do you
"select" it?
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On 14 June 2016 at 18:10, Eli Zaretskii wrote:
>> What we're doing is attempting to select a font from a list provided
>> by the user.
>
> What do you mean by "select a font"? If the font you want to use is
> known in advance, then a parameter in default-frame-alist should be
> all you need. If the font is not known in advance, then how do you
> "select" it?
The user supplies a *list* of fonts. The code then goes through those
fonts in turn, checking (via find-font) whether the font exists, and
if it does, then sets it as the frame font and adds it to
default-frame-alist for the future.
The point here is for users who want to move their config between
machines, and don't always have the same fonts installed - so they
would typically put their preferred font first in the list, with
fallback options following.
Paul
From unknown Sat Jun 21 05:07:19 2025
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> From: Paul Moore
> Date: Tue, 14 Jun 2016 19:20:27 +0100
> Cc: 23689@debbugs.gnu.org
>
> The user supplies a *list* of fonts. The code then goes through those
> fonts in turn, checking (via find-font) whether the font exists, and
> if it does, then sets it as the frame font and adds it to
> default-frame-alist for the future.
>
> The point here is for users who want to move their config between
> machines, and don't always have the same fonts installed - so they
> would typically put their preferred font first in the list, with
> fallback options following.
Sounds like a perfect use case for a fontset: create a fontset from
all those fonts, and then use the name of that fontset as the value of
the 'font' parameter in default-frame-alist. Emacs will look up the
fonts in the font set one by one until it finds one it can use.
From unknown Sat Jun 21 05:07:19 2025
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