GNU bug report logs - #22014
24.4; RFC 5322 Disallows Multiple 'To' Fields in Mail Headers

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Message #5 received at submit <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: "Barak A. Pearlmutter" <barak <at> pearlmutter.net>
To: bug-gnu-emacs <at> gnu.org
Subject: 24.4; RFC 5322 Disallows Multiple 'To' Fields in Mail Headers
Date: Wed, 25 Nov 2015 21:07:38 +0000

According to the info page on mail headers,
http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/emacs/Mail-Headers.html

  The ‘To’, ‘CC’, and ‘BCC’ fields can appear any number of times ...

This is in contravention to RFC 5322, the current standard for mail
headers.  See the "Max Number" column of the "to" row in the table on
page 20 (sec 3.6), https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5322 which reads "1",
and not just for "to" but also in the "cc" and "bcc" rows.

Some smtp servers---the one @pearlmutter.net's mx in particular as it
happens---check for this and reject messages with multiple 'To' fields
in the header.  I personally would urge the authors of such servers to
reconsider this decision.  On the other hand, it would be nice if Emacs
tried to be conformant in this regard, by detecting and consolidating
multiple To:, CC:, or BCC: fields.  Emacs already scans these while
constructing the recipients list, so the extra logic would be minimal.
Or just (yes-or-no-p "Multiple To, CC or BCC fields, abort ") to let the
user know that something on-standards-conformant is in the air.

					--Barak.
--
Barak A. Pearlmutter
 Dept Comp Sci, Maynooth University, Co. Kildare, Ireland
 http://barak.pearlmutter.net

Message #8 received at 22014 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Richard Stallman <rms <at> gnu.org>
To: "Barak A. Pearlmutter" <barak <at> pearlmutter.net>
Cc: 22014 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
Subject: Re: bug#22014: 24.4;
 RFC 5322 Disallows Multiple 'To' Fields in Mail Headers
Date: Thu, 26 Nov 2015 09:46:32 -0500

[[[ To any NSA and FBI agents reading my email: please consider    ]]]
[[[ whether defending the US Constitution against all enemies,     ]]]
[[[ foreign or domestic, requires you to follow Snowden's example. ]]]

  >   The ‘To’, ‘CC’, and ‘BCC’ fields can appear any number of times ...

  > This is in contravention to RFC 5322, the current standard for mail
  > headers.

What year did they do that?  I suspect they changed the spec subsequently
to our implementing it.

  >   On the other hand, it would be nice if Emacs
  > tried to be conformant in this regard, by detecting and consolidating
  > multiple To:, CC:, or BCC: fields.

Emacs must not override the user's decision!

The reason to us multiple To or CC headers
is to group the names in a meaningful way.
Consolidating them automatically would make the header less clear.

I wrote this change for sendmail.el, which asks the user what to do.
But I have not felt like fighting with git to install it.  Would
someone else like to install it?  Maybe the same code can work for msg
mode; I never use that.


diff -u /home/rms/emacs-git/build-aug-12/lisp/mail/sendmail.el.\~1\~ /home/rms/emacs-git/build-aug-12/lisp/mail/sendmail.el
--- /home/rms/emacs-git/build-aug-12/lisp/mail/sendmail.el.~1~	2015-08-12 11:15:38.785756144 -0400
+++ /home/rms/emacs-git/build-aug-12/lisp/mail/sendmail.el	2015-08-12 11:24:47.048474821 -0400
@@ -907,6 +907,8 @@
                 (concat "\\(?:[[:space:];,]\\|\\`\\)"
                         (regexp-opt mail-mailing-lists t)
                         "\\(?:[[:space:];,]\\|\\'\\)"))))
+        (mail-combine-fields "To")
+        (mail-combine-fields "CC")
 	;; If there are mailing lists defined
 	(when ml
 	  (save-excursion
@@ -1075,6 +1077,71 @@
 		 (goto-char fullname-start))))
 	   (insert ")\n")))))
 
+(defun mail-combine-fields (field)
+  "Offer to combine all FIELD fields in buffer into one FIELD field.
+If this finds multiple FIELD fields, it asks the user whether
+to combine them into one, and does so if the user says y."
+  (let ((search-pattern (format "^%s[ \t]*:" field))
+        first-to-end
+        query-asked
+        query-answer
+        (old-point (point))
+        (old-max (point-max)))
+    (save-excursion
+      (save-restriction
+        (goto-char (point-min))
+        (narrow-to-region (point-min) (mail-header-end))
+        ;; Find the first FIELD field and record where it ends.
+        (when (re-search-forward search-pattern nil t)
+          (forward-line 1)
+          (re-search-forward "^[^ \t]" nil t)
+          (beginning-of-line)
+          (setq first-to-end (point-marker))
+          (set-marker-insertion-type first-to-end t)
+          ;; Find each following FIELD field
+          ;; and combine it with the first FIELD field.
+          (while (re-search-forward search-pattern nil t)
+            ;; For the second FIELD field, ask user to
+            ;; approve combining them.
+            ;; But if the user refuse to combine them, signal error.
+            (unless query-asked
+              (save-restriction
+                ;; This is just so the screen doesn't change.
+                (narrow-to-region (point-min) old-max)
+                (goto-char old-point)
+                (setq query-asked t)
+                (if (y-or-n-p (format "Message contains multiple %s fields.  Combine? " field))
+                    (setq query-answer t))))
+            (when query-answer
+              (let ((this-to-start (line-beginning-position))
+                    this-to-end
+                    this-to)
+                (forward-line 1)
+                (re-search-forward "^[^ \t]" nil t)
+                (beginning-of-line)
+                (setq this-to-end (point))
+                ;; Get the text of this FIELD field.
+                (setq this-to (buffer-substring this-to-start this-to-end))
+                ;; Delete it.
+                (delete-region this-to-start this-to-end)
+                (save-excursion
+                  ;; Put a comma after the first FIELD field.
+                  (goto-char first-to-end)
+                  (forward-char -1)
+                  (insert ",")
+                  ;; Copy this one after it.
+                  (goto-char first-to-end)
+                  (save-excursion
+                    (insert this-to))
+                  ;; Replace the FIELD: with spaces.
+                  (looking-at search-pattern)
+                  ;; Try to preserve alignment of contents of the field
+                  (let ((prefix-length (length (match-string 0))))
+                    (replace-match " ")
+                    (dotimes (i (1- prefix-length))
+                      (insert " ")))))))
+          (set-marker first-to-end nil))))))
+
 (defun mail-encode-header (beg end)
   "Encode the mail header between BEG and END according to RFC2047.
 Return non-nil if and only if some part of the header is encoded."

Diff finished.  Wed Nov 25 21:50:29 2015


-- 
Dr Richard Stallman
President, Free Software Foundation (gnu.org, fsf.org)
Internet Hall-of-Famer (internethalloffame.org)
Skype: No way! See stallman.org/skype.html.

Message #11 received at 22014 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: "Barak A. Pearlmutter" <barak <at> pearlmutter.net>
To: rms <at> gnu.org
Cc: 22014 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
Subject: Re: bug#22014: 24.4;
 RFC 5322 Disallows Multiple 'To' Fields in Mail Headers
Date: Thu, 26 Nov 2015 16:49:50 +0000

> I wrote this change for sendmail.el, which asks the user what to do.

$ git show 79a169684

Wow, you already committed it, on the master branch ... on 12-Aug-2015.
You hack so fast the bits traveled back in time!

Message #14 received at 22014 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: "Barak A. Pearlmutter" <barak <at> pearlmutter.net>
To: rms <at> gnu.org
Cc: 22014 <at> debbugs.gnu.org
Subject: Re: bug#22014: 24.4;
 RFC 5322 Disallows Multiple 'To' Fields in Mail Headers
Date: Thu, 26 Nov 2015 19:31:57 +0000

> What year did they do that?  I suspect they changed the spec subsequently
> to our implementing it.

RFC 822 dated Aug 1982 is silent on the issue. It does use grammatical
constructs that seem inappropriate if there are multiple instances:

>     4.5.1. TO / RESENT-TO
>
>        This field contains the identity of the primary recipients  of
>        the message.

The formal grammar given does allow multiple 'To's, but also allows
all sorts of crazy things, some of which are disallowed in the text. I
think a fair reading is that the authors did not entertain this
possibility.

RFC 2822 dated April 2001 says maximum of one each of 'To', 'Cc', 'Bcc'.

RFC 5322 dated Oct 2008, mentioned above, copies the table of interest
from RFC 2822.

--Barak.

Message #17 received at 22014 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):

From: Noam Postavsky <npostavs <at> users.sourceforge.net>
To: "Barak A. Pearlmutter" <barak <at> pearlmutter.net>
Cc: 22014 <at> debbugs.gnu.org, rms <at> gnu.org
Subject: Re: bug#22014: 24.4;
 RFC 5322 Disallows Multiple 'To' Fields in Mail Headers
Date: Tue, 28 Nov 2017 21:07:38 -0500

tags 22014 fixed
close 22014 25.1
quit

"Barak A. Pearlmutter" <barak <at> pearlmutter.net> writes:

>> I wrote this change for sendmail.el, which asks the user what to do.
>
> $ git show 79a169684
>
> Wow, you already committed it, on the master branch ... on 12-Aug-2015.
> You hack so fast the bits traveled back in time!

Seems this was fixed in 25.1.

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