From unknown Sun Jun 15 09:02:14 2025
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Subject: bug#1456: Cannot Put Non-ASCII Characters in Init Files
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Date: Sat, 29 Nov 2008 12:51:58 -0500 (EST)
From: Bostjan Vilfan <bostjanv@alum.mit.edu>
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--text follows this line--

Please write in English if possible, because the Emacs maintainers
usually do not have translators to read other languages for them.

Your bug report will be posted to the bug-gnu-emacs@gnu.org mailing list,
and to the gnu.emacs.bug news group.

Please describe exactly what actions triggered the bug
and the precise symptoms of the bug:

This is most probably not a bug; but needs some input from an expert.
In Section 57.6.5 of the Emacs manual (Non-ASCII Characters in Init Files) it is stated
that to use non-ASCII characters the init file must start with a line of the form:
-*-coding: <coding system name> -*-

I tried that with coding system equal to utf-8 and got the following error:

Debugger entered--Lisp error: (void-variable \337-*-coding:)
  eval-buffer(#<buffer   *load*> nil "c:/Documents and Settings/Bostjan/My Documents/.emacs.d/init.el" nil t)  ;  Reading at buffer position 12
  load-with-code-conversion("c:/Documents and Settings/Bostjan/My Documents/.emacs.d/init.el" "c:/Documents and Settings/Bostjan/My Documents/.emacs.d/init.el" t t)
  load("c:/Documents and Settings/Bostjan/My Documents/.emacs.d/init" t t)
  #[nil ^H\205\276^@  \306=\203^Q^@\307^H\310Q\202A^@ \311=\2033 etc.


When I replaced the first line as described above with the following three
lines at the end

;; Local Variables: **
;; coding:utf-8 **
;; End: **


I got a different error:

Debugger entered--Lisp error: (error "Invalid modifier in a string") etc.

any advice would be appreciated
Regards
Bostjan

If Emacs crashed, and you have the Emacs process in the gdb debugger,
please include the output from the following gdb commands:
    `bt full' and `xbacktrace'.
If you would like to further debug the crash, please read the file
c:/Program Files/GNU/Emacs/emacs-22.3/etc/DEBUG for instructions.



In GNU Emacs 22.3.1 (i386-mingw-nt5.1.2600)
 of 2008-09-06 on SOFT-MJASON
Windowing system distributor `Microsoft Corp.', version 5.1.2600
configured using `configure --with-gcc (3.4)'

Important settings:
  value of $LC_ALL: nil
  value of $LC_COLLATE: nil
  value of $LC_CTYPE: nil
  value of $LC_MESSAGES: nil
  value of $LC_MONETARY: nil
  value of $LC_NUMERIC: nil
  value of $LC_TIME: nil
  value of $LANG: ENU
  locale-coding-system: cp1250
  default-enable-multibyte-characters: t

Major mode: Fundamental

Minor modes in effect:
  encoded-kbd-mode: t
  tooltip-mode: t
  tool-bar-mode: t
  mouse-wheel-mode: t
  menu-bar-mode: t
  file-name-shadow-mode: t
  global-font-lock-mode: t
  blink-cursor-mode: t
  unify-8859-on-encoding-mode: t
  utf-translate-cjk-mode: t
  auto-compression-mode: t
  line-number-mode: t

Recent input:
<help-echo> <switch-frame> <switch-frame> <help-echo> 
<help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> 
<switch-frame> <tool-bar> <kill-buffer> <help-echo> 
<help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> 
<help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> 
<tool-bar> <one-window> <help-echo> <help-echo> M-x 
o r f i l e <return> <kp-down> <kp-down> <kp-down> 
<tab> <help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> 
<help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> 
<down-mouse-1> <mouse-2> <help-echo> <tool-bar> <kill-buffer> 
<help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> 
<help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> <menu-bar> 
<buffer> "*GNU Emacs*" <help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> 
<help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> 
<help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> <help-echo> 
<tool-bar> <help>

Recent messages:
Preparing diary...done
Preparing diary...done
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Preparing diary...done
Preparing diary...done
Preparing diary...done
Preparing diary...done
For information about GNU Emacs and the GNU system, type C-h C-a.
CHILDREN
Loading emacsbug...done

------=_Part_6983_7231210.1227981118312--





From unknown Sun Jun 15 09:02:14 2025
X-Loop: don@donarmstrong.com
Subject: bug#1456: Cannot Put Non-ASCII Characters in Init Files
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See for example the files buff-menu.el and ibuffer.el in the Emacs
distribution (you can use M-x locate-library) for the two ways to
specify coding. Don't forget it must be a comment line in the "first
line in file" method.

Beyond that, any problem may be specific to your init file. Start with
an empty one and see that works. Then remove a half at a time from the
real file until you narrow down the problem. Starting with
"--debug-init" can also help.





From unknown Sun Jun 15 09:02:14 2025
X-Loop: don@donarmstrong.com
Subject: bug#1456: Cannot Put Non-ASCII Characters in Init Files
Reply-To: Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>, 1456@debbugs.gnu.org
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To: Bostjan Vilfan <bostjanv@alum.mit.edu>
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> See for example the files buff-menu.el and ibuffer.el in the Emacs
> distribution (you can use M-x locate-library) for the two ways to
> specify coding. Don't forget it must be a comment line in the "first
> line in file" method.
>
> Beyond that, any problem may be specific to your init file. Start with
> an empty one and see that works. Then remove a half at a time from the
> real file until you narrow down the problem. Starting with
> "--debug-init" can also help.

Did you manage to track down the problem?




From unknown Sun Jun 15 09:02:14 2025
X-Loop: don@donarmstrong.com
Subject: bug#1456: Cannot Put Non-ASCII Characters in Init Files
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Date: Wed, 10 Dec 2008 09:19:00 -0800 (PST)
From: Bostjan Vilfan <bvilf@yahoo.com>
To: Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
Cc: 1456@debbugs.gnu.org
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--0-1168887846-1228929540=:5452
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Thanks for your answer. 
I hope I now understand the problem. Actually, I already sent a reply to one
comment message, but since I did not cc it to 1456@debbugs.gnu.org,
I am doing so now.

It turned out that of the two problems described in my original bug report, the first
(-*-coding: utf-8-*- in my init file did not work) resulted from not prefixing 
"-*-coding: utf-8-*-" with ";;". 

The second (error "Invalid modifier in a string") was the result of some key redefinitions,
which apparently do not work, or do not work as I thought they would. My original desire
was to provide encodings for some Central European characters that are located in certain
places on the local keyboard. Specifically, they correspond to the US keys ; : ' " [ { ] }
\ | . Therefore, I placed the following code in my init file:

(global-set-key "\C-c;" 'insertch)    ;OK
(global-set-key "\C-c:" 'insertCh)    ;OK
(global-set-key "\C-c'" 'inserttj)    ;OK
(global-set-key "\C-c\"" 'insertTj)    ;OK
(global-set-key "\C-c]" 'insertdj)
(global-set-key "\C-c}" 'insertDj)    ;OK
(global-set-key "\C-c[" 'insertsh)
(global-set-key "\C-c{" 'insertSh)    ;OK
(global-set-key "\C-c\\" 'insertzh)
(global-set-key "\C-c|" 'insertZh)    ;OK

where 'insertch etc. are functions for inserting the appropriate characters. After some
investigation I discovered that one or more of these redefinitions are the cause of
the "Invalid modifier in a string" error. Not wishing to pursue the matter further I simply
took the advice in the manual to accept as user-defined key shortcuts the key sequences
C-c<letter>. After choosing key definitions of that type, my problems went away.

Regards,
bostjanv




________________________________
From: Chong Yidong <cyd@stupidchicken.com>
To: Bostjan Vilfan <bostjanv@alum.mit.edu>
Cc: 1456@debbugs.gnu.org
Sent: Wednesday, December 10, 2008 3:06:01 PM
Subject: Re: bug#1456: Cannot Put Non-ASCII Characters in Init Files

> See for example the files buff-menu.el and ibuffer.el in the Emacs
> distribution (you can use M-x locate-library) for the two ways to
> specify coding. Don't forget it must be a comment line in the "first
> line in file" method.
>
> Beyond that, any problem may be specific to your init file. Start with
> an empty one and see that works. Then remove a half at a time from the
> real file until you narrow down the problem. Starting with
> "--debug-init" can also help.

Did you manage to track down the problem?



      
--0-1168887846-1228929540=:5452
Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii

<html><head><style type="text/css"><!-- DIV {margin:0px;} --></style></head><body><div style="font-family:times new roman,new york,times,serif;font-size:12pt">Thanks for your answer. <br>I hope I now understand the problem. Actually, I already sent a reply to one<br>comment message, but since I did not cc it to 1456@debbugs.gnu.org,<br>I am doing so now.<br><br>It turned out that of the two problems described in my original bug report, the first<br>(-*-coding: utf-8-*- in my init file did not work) resulted from not prefixing <br>"-*-coding: utf-8-*-" with ";;". <br><br>The second (error "Invalid modifier in a string") was the result of some key redefinitions,<br>which apparently do not work, or do not work as I thought they would. My original desire<br>was to provide encodings for some Central European characters that are located in certain<br>places on the local keyboard. Specifically, they correspond to the US keys ; : ' " [ { ] }<br>\ | .
 Therefore, I placed the following code in my init file:<br><br>(global-set-key "\C-c;" 'insertch)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ;OK<br>(global-set-key "\C-c:" 'insertCh)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 ;OK<br>(global-set-key "\C-c'" 'inserttj)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ;OK<br>(global-set-key "\C-c\"" 'insertTj)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ;OK<br>(global-set-key "\C-c]" 'insertdj)<br>(global-set-key "\C-c}" 'insertDj)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ;OK<br>(global-set-key "\C-c[" 'insertsh)<br>(global-set-key "\C-c{" 'insertSh)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ;OK<br>(global-set-key "\C-c\\" 'insertzh)<br>(global-set-key "\C-c|" 'insertZh)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ;OK<br><br>where 'insertch etc. are functions for inserting the appropriate characters. After some<br>investigation I discovered that one or more of these redefinitions are the cause of<br>the "Invalid modifier in a string" error. Not wishing to pursue the matter further I simply<br>took the advice in the manual to accept as user-defined key shortcuts the key sequences<br>C-c&lt;letter&gt;. After choosing key definitions of that type, my problems went away.<br><br>Regards,<br>bostjanv<br><div><div style="font-family: times new roman,new
 york,times,serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br><div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><font size="2" face="Tahoma"><hr size="1"><b><span style="font-weight: bold;">From:</span></b> Chong Yidong &lt;cyd@stupidchicken.com&gt;<br><b><span style="font-weight: bold;">To:</span></b> Bostjan Vilfan &lt;bostjanv@alum.mit.edu&gt;<br><b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Cc:</span></b> 1456@emacsbugs.donarmstrong.com<br><b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Sent:</span></b> Wednesday, December 10, 2008 3:06:01 PM<br><b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Subject:</span></b> Re: bug#1456: Cannot Put Non-ASCII Characters in Init Files<br></font><br>
&gt; See for example the files buff-menu.el and ibuffer.el in the Emacs<br>&gt; distribution (you can use M-x locate-library) for the two ways to<br>&gt; specify coding. Don't forget it must be a comment line in the "first<br>&gt; line in file" method.<br>&gt;<br>&gt; Beyond that, any problem may be specific to your init file. Start with<br>&gt; an empty one and see that works. Then remove a half at a time from the<br>&gt; real file until you narrow down the problem. Starting with<br>&gt; "--debug-init" can also help.<br><br>Did you manage to track down the problem?<br></div></div></div></div><br>

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