Package: guile;
Reported by: Kiyoshi KANAZAWA <yoi_no_myoujou <at> yahoo.co.jp>
Date: Sat, 24 Mar 2012 06:26:02 UTC
Severity: normal
Tags: moreinfo
Done: Andy Wingo <wingo <at> pobox.com>
Bug is archived. No further changes may be made.
Message #23 received at 11083 <at> debbugs.gnu.org (full text, mbox):
From: Kiyoshi KANAZAWA <yoi_no_myoujou <at> yahoo.co.jp> To: Mark H Weaver <mhw <at> netris.org> Cc: 11083 <at> debbugs.gnu.org Subject: Re: bug#11083: guile-2.0.5 bug report Date: Sun, 1 Apr 2012 20:49:52 +0900 (JST)
Hi, Mark,
I'd better mention:
this Segmentation Fault occurs even if patch <5de0053178b4acc793ae62838175e5f3ab56c603> is applied.
Regards,
--- Kiyoshi <yoi_no_myoujou <at> yahoo.co.jp>
--- On Sun, 2012/4/1, Kiyoshi KANAZAWA <yoi_no_myoujou <at> yahoo.co.jp> wrote:
> Hi, Mark,
>
> I found scm_from_stringn () is called with bad address.
> Following is the back trace of core which I encountered during making guile-2.0.5 with gcc -m64. (gcc version is 3.4.3)
>
> % pwd
> /tmp/guile-2.0.5/libguile/.libs
> % dbx guile ../core
> For information about new features see `help changes'
> To remove this message, put `dbxenv suppress_startup_message 7.9' in your .dbxrc
> Reading guile
> core file header read successfully
> Reading ld.so.1
> Reading libguile-2.0.so.22.4.0
> Reading libgc.so.1.0.3
> Reading libpthread.so.1
> Reading libdl.so.1
> Reading libffi.so.5.0.10
> Reading libintl.so.8.1.1
> Reading libc.so.1
> Reading libunistring.so.0.1.2
> Reading libiconv.so.2.5.1
> Reading libgmp.so.10.0.4
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "abs.c" being overriden to "abs.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "add.c" being overriden to "add.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "add_ui.c" being overriden to "add_ui.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "clear.c" being overriden to "clear.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "clears.c" being overriden to "clears.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "cmp.c" being overriden to "cmp.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "cmp_d.c" being overriden to "cmp_d.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "cmp_si.c" being overriden to "cmp_si.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "cmp_ui.c" being overriden to "cmp_ui.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "dump.c" being overriden to "dump.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "fits_sint.c" being overriden to "fits_sint.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "fits_slong.c" being overriden to "fits_slong.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "fits_sshort.c" being overriden to "fits_sshort.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "fits_uint.c" being overriden to "fits_uint.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "fits_ulong.c" being overriden to "fits_ulong.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "fits_ushort.c" being overriden to "fits_ushort.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "get_d.c" being overriden to "get_d.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "get_d_2exp.c" being overriden to "get_d_2exp.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "get_si.c" being overriden to "get_si.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "get_str.c" being overriden to "get_str.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "get_ui.c" being overriden to "get_ui.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "init.c" being overriden to "init.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "init2.c" being overriden to "init2.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "inits.c" being overriden to "inits.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "inp_str.c" being overriden to "inp_str.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "iset.c" being overriden to "iset.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "iset_d.c" being overriden to "iset_d.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "iset_si.c" being overriden to "iset_si.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "iset_str.c" being overriden to "iset_str.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "iset_ui.c" being overriden to "iset_ui.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "mul.c" being overriden to "mul.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "mul_2exp.c" being overriden to "mul_2exp.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "mul_ui.c" being overriden to "mul_ui.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "neg.c" being overriden to "neg.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "nextprime.c" being overriden to "nextprime.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "out_str.c" being overriden to "out_str.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "pow_ui.c" being overriden to "pow_ui.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "random2.c" being overriden to "random2.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "set.c" being overriden to "set.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "set_d.c" being overriden to "set_d.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "set_q.c" being overriden to "set_q.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "set_si.c" being overriden to "set_si.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "set_str.c" being overriden to "set_str.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "set_ui.c" being overriden to "set_ui.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "size.c" being overriden to "size.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "sqrt.c" being overriden to "sqrt.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "sub.c" being overriden to "sub.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "sub_ui.c" being overriden to "sub_ui.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "swap.c" being overriden to "swap.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "ui_sub.c" being overriden to "ui_sub.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "urandomb.c" being overriden to "urandomb.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "abs.c" being overriden to "abs.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "clear.c" being overriden to "clear.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "clears.c" being overriden to "clears.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "cmp.c" being overriden to "cmp.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "cmp_si.c" being overriden to "cmp_si.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "cmp_ui.c" being overriden to "cmp_ui.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "div.c" being overriden to "div.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "get_d.c" being overriden to "get_d.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "get_str.c" being overriden to "get_str.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "init.c" being overriden to "init.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "inits.c" being overriden to "inits.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "inp_str.c" being overriden to "inp_str.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "mul.c" being overriden to "mul.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "neg.c" being overriden to "neg.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "out_str.c" being overriden to "out_str.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "set.c" being overriden to "set.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "set_si.c" being overriden to "set_si.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "set_str.c" being overriden to "set_str.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "set_ui.c" being overriden to "set_ui.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "set_z.c" being overriden to "set_z.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "set_d.c" being overriden to "set_d.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "set_f.c" being overriden to "set_f.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "swap.c" being overriden to "swap.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "add.c" being overriden to "add.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "sub.c" being overriden to "sub.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "neg.c" being overriden to "neg.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "divis.c" being overriden to "divis.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "fib2_ui.c" being overriden to "fib2_ui.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "dump.c" being overriden to "dump.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "mul.c" being overriden to "mul.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "random.c" being overriden to "random.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "random2.c" being overriden to "random2.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "rootrem.c" being overriden to "rootrem.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "sqrtrem.c" being overriden to "sqrtrem.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "get_str.c" being overriden to "get_str.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "set_str.c" being overriden to "set_str.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "scan0.c" being overriden to "scan0.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "scan1.c" being overriden to "scan1.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "cmp.c" being overriden to "cmp.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "perfsqr.c" being overriden to "perfsqr.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "perfpow.c" being overriden to "perfpow.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "gcd.c" being overriden to "gcd.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "gcdext.c" being overriden to "gcdext.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "tdiv_qr.c" being overriden to "tdiv_qr.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "get_d.c" being overriden to "get_d.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "invert.c" being overriden to "invert.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "divexact.c" being overriden to "divexact.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "powm.c" being overriden to "powm.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "powm_sec.c" being overriden to "powm_sec.c"
> dbx: internal warning: "(null)"::srcpath(): srcpath "remove.c" being overriden to "remove.c"
> Reading libltdl.so.7.3.0
> Reading librt.so.1
> Reading libsocket.so.1
> Reading libnsl.so.1
> Reading libm.so.2
> Reading libgcc_s.so.1
> Reading libaio.so.1
> Reading libmd.so.1
> t <at> 1 (l <at> 1) program terminated by signal SEGV (no mapping at the fault address)
> Current function is c_strcasecmp
> 39 c1 = c_tolower (*p1);
> (dbx) print p1
> p1 = 0xfffffffffff56ee0 "<bad address 0xfffffffffff56ee0>"
>
> (dbx) where
> current thread: t <at> 1
> =>[1] c_strcasecmp(s1 = 0xfffffffffff56ee0 "<bad address 0xfffffffffff56ee0>", s2 = 0x7fffffb4eb90 "UTF-8"), line 39 in "c-strcasecmp.c"
> [2] u8_conv_from_encoding(fromcode = 0xfffffffffff56ee0 "<bad address 0xfffffffffff56ee0>", handler = iconveh_escape_sequence, src = 0xfffffd7fffdfea1a "snarf-check-and-output-texi", srclen = 27U, offsets = (nil), resultbuf = (nil), lengthp = 0xfffffd7fffdfdf08) (optimized), at 0x7fffffa1c9f0 (line ~39) in "u8-conv-from-enc.c"
> [3] u32_conv_from_encoding(fromcode = <value unavailable>, handler = <value unavailable>, src = <value unavailable>, srclen = 27U, offsets = (nil), resultbuf = (nil), lengthp = 0xfffffd7fffdfdf70) (optimized), at 0x7fffffa1c2a0 (line ~52) in "u-conv-from-enc.h"
> [4] scm_from_stringn(str = 0xfffffd7fffdfea1a "snarf-check-and-output-texi", len = 27U, encoding = 0xfffffffffff56ee0 "<bad address 0xfffffffffff56ee0>", handler = SCM_FAILED_CONVERSION_ESCAPE_SEQUENCE), line 1515 in "strings.c"
> [5] locale_arguments_to_string_list(argc = 5, argv = 0xfffffd7fffdfe688), line 394 in "script.c"
> [6] scm_i_set_boot_program_arguments(argc = 0, argv = (nil)), line 405 in "script.c"
> [7] invoke_main_func(body_data = 0xfffffd7fffdfe630), line 335 in "init.c"
> [8] c_body(d = 0xfffffd7fffdfe580), line 512 in "continuations.c"
> [9] vm_regular_engine(vm = 0x4da270, program = 0x3560d40, argv = 0x7fffffec7260, nargs = 1), line 960 in "vm-i-system.c"
> [10] scm_c_vm_run(vm = 0x4da270, program = 0x355a1e0, argv = 0xfffffd7fffdfe180, nargs = 0), line 567 in "vm.c"
> [11] eval(x = 0x587570, env = 0x3542270), line 341 in "eval.c"
> [12] eval(x = 0x5873b0, env = 0x3542270), line 297 in "eval.c"
> [13] eval(x = 0x4ee920, env = 0x3542240), line 462 in "eval.c"
> [14] boot_closure_apply(closure = (nil), args = (nil)), line 956 in "eval.c"
> [15] vm_regular_engine(vm = 0x4da270, program = 0x355a060, argv = 0x7fffffe532b0, nargs = 1), line 960 in "vm-i-system.c"
> [16] scm_c_vm_run(vm = 0x4da270, program = 0x4ff1c0, argv = 0xfffffd7fffdfe4d0, nargs = 4), line 567 in "vm.c"
> [17] scm_call_4(proc = 0x4ff1c0, arg1 = (nil), arg2 = (nil), arg3 = (nil), arg4 = (nil)), line 507 in "eval.c"
> [18] scm_i_with_continuation_barrier(body = 0x7fffffe49ec0 = &`libguile-2.0.so.22.4.0`continuations.c`c_body(register void *d), body_data = 0xfffffd7fffdfe580, handler = 0x7fffffe49ef0 = &`libguile-2.0.so.22.4.0`continuations.c`c_handler(register void *d, register SCM tag, register SCM args), handler_data = 0xfffffd7fffdfe580, pre_unwind_handler = 0x7fffffe49f50 = &`libguile-2.0.so.22.4.0`continuations.c`pre_unwind_handler(register void *error_port, register SCM tag, register SCM args), pre_unwind_handler_data = 0x4da1a0), line 450 in "continuations.c"
> [19] scm_c_with_continuation_barrier(func = (nil), data = (nil)), line 546 in "continuations.c"
> [20] with_guile_and_parent(base = 0xfffffd7fffdfe5e0, data = (nil)), line 902 in "threads.c"
> [21] GC_call_with_stack_base(fn = (nil), arg = (nil)), line 1530 in "misc.c"
> [22] scm_i_with_guile_and_parent(func = (nil), data = (nil), parent = (nil)), line 945 in "threads.c"
> [23] scm_boot_guile(argc = 0, argv = (nil), main_func = (nil), closure = (nil)), line 319 in "init.c"
> [24] main(argc = 0, argv = (nil)), line 71 in "guile.c"
>
>
> Regards,
>
> --- Kiyoshi <yoi_no_myoujou <at> yahoo.co.jp>
>
>
> --- On Fri, 2012/3/30, Kiyoshi KANAZAWA <yoi_no_myoujou <at> yahoo.co.jp> wrote:
>
> > Hi, Mark,
> >
> > Thank you for your kindness.
> >
> > I'm discussing with a member of gc project these 5 days.
> > He also told me to configure with "--enable-threads=posix" instead of -DGC_THREADS.
> >
> > And I'm also testing the latest gc-7.2 candidate and gc-7.3 (developement) candidate.
> >
> >
> > Now, I'm retrying to build guile-2.0.5 again.
> > Make & make check pass with gcc-3.4.3 -m32, but make fail with -m64.
> > Message of make check is:as follows.
> > (libguile-2.0.so.22 is "ELF 64-bit LSB executable", so that it can be linked.)
> >
> > make all-am
> > make[3]: Entering directory `/tmp/guile-2.0.5/libguile'
> > GEN guile-procedures.texi
> > ld.so.1: guile: fatal: libguile-2.0.so.22: open failed: No such file or directory
> > /bin/bash: line 1: 23126 Broken Pipe cat alist.doc arbiters.doc array-handle.doc array-map.doc arrays.doc async.doc backtrace.doc boolean.doc bitvectors.doc bytevectors.doc chars.doc control.doc continuations.doc debug.doc deprecated.doc deprecation.doc dynl.doc dynwind.doc eq.doc error.doc eval.doc evalext.doc expand.doc extensions.doc feature.doc filesys.doc fluids.doc foreign.doc fports.doc gc-malloc.doc gc.doc gettext.doc generalized-arrays.doc generalized-vectors.doc goops.doc gsubr.doc guardians.doc hash.doc hashtab.doc hooks.doc i18n.doc init.doc ioext.doc keywords.doc list.doc load.doc macros.doc mallocs.doc memoize.doc modules.doc numbers.doc objprop.doc options.doc pairs.doc ports.doc print.doc procprop.doc procs.doc promises.doc r6rs-ports.doc random.doc rdelim.doc read.doc root.doc rw.doc scmsigs.doc script.doc simpos.doc smob.doc sort.doc srcprop.doc srfi-1.doc srfi-4.doc srfi-13.doc srfi-14.doc srfi-60.doc
stackchk.doc
> > stacks.doc stime.doc strings.doc strorder.doc strports.doc struct.doc symbols.doc threads.doc throw.doc trees.doc uniform.doc values.doc variable.doc vectors.doc version.doc vports.doc weaks.doc dynl.doc posix.doc net_db.doc socket.doc regex-posix.doc
> > 23127 Killed | GUILE_AUTO_COMPILE=0 ../meta/uninstalled-env guild snarf-check-and-output-texi > guile-procedures.texi
> > make[3]: *** [guile-procedures.texi] Error 1
> >
> > Regards,
> >
> > --- Kiyoshi <yoi_no_myoujou <at> yahoo.co.jp>
> >
> > --- On Thu, 2012/3/29, Mark H Weaver <mhw <at> netris.org> wrote:
> >
> > > Kiyoshi KANAZAWA <yoi_no_myoujou <at> yahoo.co.jp> writes:
> > > > Thank you Mark,
> > > > Sending this again with Cc:
> > > >
> > > > (1) Now, make succeeds with threads
> > > > Version of libgc is 7.1, but I found some macro define is required for threads on Solaris.
> > > > After re-install gc-7.1 with -DGC_SOLARIS_THREADS or -DGC_THREADS,
> > > > make succeeds.
> > >
> > > This is not my area of expertise, but for lack of other suggestions, I
> > > have two ideas:
> > >
> > > 1. You could try recompiling libgc using POSIX threads instead of
> > > Solaris threads, and then rebuilding Guile from scratch, starting
> > > with configure, and linking against the new libgc.
> > >
> > > Guile supports only POSIX threads, and I wouldn't be surprised if
> > > there are problems associated with linking Guile against a libgc that
> > > uses a different threading library with slightly different semantics.
> > >
> > > 2. You could try a newer version of libgc: 7.2alpha6, from
> > > http://www.hpl.hp.com/personal/Hans_Boehm/gc/gc_source/gc-7.2alpha6.tar.gz
> > >
> > > Despite the scary version number, Hans Boehm himself now recommends
> > > this version because 7.1 is so old (see "Where to get the collector"
> > > at http://www.hpl.hp.com/personal/Hans_Boehm/gc/ )
> > >
> > > Thanks,
> > > Mark
> > >
> > >
> > > > (2) Segmentation Fault occur in make check
> > > > Still encounterd FAILS as follows:
> > > > make check-TESTS
> > > > make[5]: Entering directory `/tmp/guile-2.0.5/test-suite/standalone'
> > > > Assertion failed: SCM_I_IS_THREAD (data.thread), file threads.c, line 1135
> > > > /bin/bash: line 5: 11634 Abort srcdir="." builddir="." CHARSETALIASDIR
> > > > ="/tmp/guile-2.0.5/lib" GUILE_AUTO_COMPILE=0 "../../meta/uninstalled-env" ${dir}$tst
> > > > FAIL: test-system-cmds
> > > > :
> > > > PASS: test-extensions
> > > > /bin/bash: line 5: 12409 Segmentation Fault srcdir="." builddir="." CHARSETALIASDIR
> > > > ="/tmp/guile-2.0.5/lib" GUILE_AUTO_COMPILE=0 "../../meta/uninstalled-env" ${dir}$tst
> > > > FAIL: test-with-guile-module
> > > > PASS: test-scm-with-guile
> > > > /bin/bash: line 5: 12455 Segmentation Fault srcdir="." builddir="." CHARSETALIASDIR
> > > > ="/tmp/guile-2.0.5/lib" GUILE_AUTO_COMPILE=0 "../../meta/uninstalled-env" ${dir}$tst
> > > > FAIL: test-scm-spawn-thread
> > > > /bin/bash: line 5: 12479 Segmentation Fault srcdir="." builddir="." CHARSETALIASDIR
> > > > ="/tmp/guile-2.0.5/lib" GUILE_AUTO_COMPILE=0 "../../meta/uninstalled-env" ${dir}$tst
> > > > FAIL: test-pthread-create
> > > > SKIP: test-pthread-create-secondary
> > > > ==================================
> > > > 4 of 27 tests failed
> > > > (1 test was not run)
> > > > Please report to bug-guile <at> gnu.org
> > > > ==================================
> > >
> >
>
GNU bug tracking system
Copyright (C) 1999 Darren O. Benham,
1997,2003 nCipher Corporation Ltd,
1994-97 Ian Jackson.