The xref tests fail on case sensitive filesystems if the source directory is not all lower case.
For example, if I have Emacs checked out in /home/wilfred/src/EMACS, I get the following test failure:
Test xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defalias-defun-el condition:
(error "Can't find library /home/wilfred/src/emacs/lisp/buff-menu.el")
FAILED 12/36 xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defalias-defun-el
Note that the path is incorrectly converted from ~/src/EMACS to ~/src/emacs, which doesn't exist.
This causes the following tests to fail:
FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-constructor
FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defalias-defun-el
FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defgeneric-co-located-default
FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defgeneric-el
FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defgeneric-implicit-generic
FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defgeneric-no-default
FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defgeneric-no-methods
FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defgeneric-separate-default
FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-define-overload-co-located-default
FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-define-overload-no-default
FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-define-overload-no-methods
FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-define-overload-separate-default
FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defun-defvar-el
FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defun-el
FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defun-el-defvar-c
FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defvar-el
FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-face-el
FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-feature-el