The xref tests fail on case sensitive filesystems if the source directory is not all lower case. For example, if I have Emacs checked out in /home/wilfred/src/EMACS, I get the following test failure: Test xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defalias-defun-el condition: (error "Can't find library /home/wilfred/src/emacs/lisp/buff-menu.el") FAILED 12/36 xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defalias-defun-el Note that the path is incorrectly converted from ~/src/EMACS to ~/src/emacs, which doesn't exist. This causes the following tests to fail: FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-constructor FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defalias-defun-el FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defgeneric-co-located-default FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defgeneric-el FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defgeneric-implicit-generic FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defgeneric-no-default FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defgeneric-no-methods FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defgeneric-separate-default FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-define-overload-co-located-default FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-define-overload-no-default FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-define-overload-no-methods FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-define-overload-separate-default FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defun-defvar-el FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defun-el FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defun-el-defvar-c FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-defvar-el FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-face-el FAILED xref-elisp-test-find-defs-feature-el